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Sinhala Wood-Block Type

This presentation is about the history of woodblocks used in Sinhala newspapers from their inception to the 1990s. Focusing on wood-block compositions, Sumanthri Samarawickrama will take you through a timeline showing how retro Sinhala letters took shape. The aim of the talk is to shed light on the development of the Sinhala script and its historical context. The presentation will elaborate on key characteristics of Sinhala wood-block compositions: the basic geometric shape of the glyphs, add-ons, weight, terminals, and three dimensional effects (outline, shadow, foreground, etc.). It will communicate how letterpress as a new technology was alien to the natives of Sri Lanka, yet they adapted to the global trends of display type. In conclusion, this presentation will show the context in which these display typefaces were set and how they were composed with respect to image, ornamentation, and overall shape.

シンハラ文字の木活字

このプレゼンは1990年代に始まったシンハラ語の新聞の木活字の歴史がテーマである。木活字の組みに注目し、シンハラ文字がどのように形作られていったのか時系列を追って解説していく。この講演を通してスリランカで使われる文字、その歴史的背景を周知していきたい。各文字の基本的な幾何学的モデル、母音記号、ウエイト、線の末端処理、アウトラインや陰影、パターンなどの立体効果などの重要な特徴を詳しく論じていく。活版印刷という新技術が現地の人にとっては異質でありつつ国外の見出し書体の流行を取り込むまでに成長した様子も紹介する。終わりにはそれら見出し活字がどのように使われてきたのか、全体のレイアウトの中でどのようなバランスで組まれていたのかを紹介する。

Speaker

Sumanthri Samarawickrama

Senior lecturer Department of Integrated Design, Faculty of Architecture, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka

Sumanthri Samarawickrama is a senior lecturer in the Department of Integrated Design, Faculty of Architecture, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka. Her area of research concerns the anatomy of Sinhala letterforms. This has led her to document the evolution of Sinhala type, which she believes is essential to type education. She completed a master’s degree in visual communication design at Lasalle College of the Arts, Singapore, and a PhD in typography at the University of Moratuwa. While continuing her own research, she supervises many graduate students on type-based research. スマントゥリ・サマラウィクラマはスリランカのモラトゥワ大学建築学部の統合デザイン科上級講師。彼女の専門はシンハラ文字の形態。それを端緒に、タイポグラフィ教育の要としてシンハラ活字の記録調査を始める。彼女はシンガポールのラサール美術大学の視覚伝達デザイン修士号と、モラトゥワ大学のタイポグラフィ博士号を保持。自身の調査のかたわら、他の大学院生のタイポグラフィ主体の調査も監修している